Antigone Study Guide Questions Wood - 722 Words

Antigone Study Guide Questions Prologue and Scene One 1. What differences do you notice between Antigone and her sister, Ismene? Examine their character. 2. The action of the play begins immediately with a conflict between Antigone and Ismene. What is the cause the cause of the conflict? 2. Why do you think that Ismene will not help her sister with her plan? 3. Do you think Antigone has thought her decision through? Why or why not? 4. Why does Antigone get so angry at her sister? Do you think that Ismene is being practical or that she is being cowardly? What reasons do you have for that opinion? 5. The speeches of the Chorus and Choragus interrupt the action of the play to describe the battle to the audience. What do these city†¦show more content†¦18. How does Creon react to Haimon’s aguments? What attitudes does Creon seem to take toward women? 19. What function does the Choragus have in this scene? Whose side, if any, is he on? Ode Three 20. The first ode was about human strengths and limitations, the second was about fate and the vengeance of the gods. What is the subject of this ode? Which lines allude to specific characters in the play? Scene Four 21. What comfort does the Chorus offer Antigone in this scene? Antigone thinks (in line 25) that the Chorus is making fun of her. Do you agree or disagree? Explain. 22. As Antigone faces her death, does she seem in any way changed from the way she has been in previous scenes? Explain your answer. 23. Antigone is not to be stoned to death as originally planned. Why does the form of her punishment suit Creon? Ode Four 24. In this ode the Chorus alludes to three Greek myths that were familiar to the ancient Greek audiences. How are the fates of the characters in these myths related to Antigone’s fate? Scene Five 25. Creon has refused to yield to the arguments of Antigone and Haimon, and at first he refuses to listen to Teiresias. Of what does he accuse Teiresias? 26. Teiresias tells Creon that the only crime is pride. How has Creon shown that he is guilty of pride? 27. Why does Creon finally give in? What part does the Choragus play in Creon’s decisions? 28. How has the character ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Things Fall Apart, by Chinua Achebe3009 Words   |  13 Pagesway of life before and after the arrival of Europeans. The physical setting of the forest villages is extremely important. The Umuofia clan has an elaborate religious system largely based on their natural environment. Surrounded by dense, dark woods, the forest is both respected and feared as a chief god, the Evil Forest. The earth goddess is also revered and feared; as farmers, the Umuofia rely completely on the produce of the land and are subject to drought and flooding. The earth goddess is

John Dryden England’s Controversial and Exceptional Genius Free Essays

string(117) " they replaced John Dryden, a Catholic; and made Thomas Shadwell, a Protestant, the new Poet Laureate \(Verrall 6\)\." John Dryden was England’s most outstanding and controversial writer for the later part of the seventeenth century, dominating the literary world as a skilled and versatile dramatist, a pioneer of literary criticism, and a respected writer of the Restoration period. With Dryden’s great literary and critical influence on the English society during the Restoration period he has made a name for himself, which will be studied and honored for years to come. John Dryden was born in Northamptonshire, in 1631. We will write a custom essay sample on John Dryden: England’s Controversial and Exceptional Genius or any similar topic only for you Order Now His parents were Erasmus Dryden and Mary Pickery. They were both from wealthy and respected families in Northamptonshire. The Drydens were known for wisdom and great tradition all over England and were well-equipped with large estates and vast lands (Ward 5). Dryden’s father, Erasmus, was a justice of the peace during the usurpation, and was the father of fourteen children; four sons, and ten daughters. The sons were John, Erasmus, Henry, and James; the daughters were Agness, Rose, Lucy, Mary, Martha, Elizabeth, Hester, Hannah, Abigail, and France (Kinsley 34). Dryden was also a religious man. He had as much faith in the Lord as he did in his pen. He belonged to the Church of England all his life until converting to Catholicism due to the change of the throne. He was baptized at All Saints Church in Aldwinule, Northamptonshire ten days after his birth (Hopkins 75). Dryden, growing into a young man, began his education in his hometown. There he took the basic classes. He furthered his education at Westminister School in London. Here, he attended school for about twelve hours a day, beginning and ending at six. At Westminister he studied history, geography, and study of the Scripture, plus all the basics. After Westminister he Cunningham 2 attended Cambridge University (Hopkins 14). While attending Cambridge University, he excelled to the top of his class and was a standout student. John Dryden was the greatest and most represented English man of letters of the last quarter of the seventeenth century. From the death of Milton in 1674 to his own in 1700, no other writer can compare with him in versatility and power (Sherwood 39). He was in fact a versatile writer, with his literary works consisted of tragedy, comedy, heroic play, opera, poetry, and satire. Although he did write most of his important original poems to serve some passing political purpose, he made them immortal by his literary genius (Miner 3). John Dryden was the type of man who was always busy with some great project. He would never put full time and concentration into his work. He would quickly finish a project, careless of perfection, and hurry off to begin another, which was not a tempting deal on either the author’s side nor the reader’s side because Dryden lived in a time where there were few well-printed works (Hopkins 1). So much of his work consisted of numerous errors, misprints, and lost pages. Several critics have attempted to revise and correct his work but usually for the worse ( Harth 3). Despite his popularity during the Restoration and even today, little is known about John Dryden except what is in his works. Because he wrote from the beginning through the end of the Restoration period, many literary scholars consider the end of the Restoration period to have occurred with Dryden’s death in 1700 (Miner 2). Surviving Dryden was his wife Lady Elizabeth and there were three sons, to whom he had always been a loving and careful father. John, his oldest son, followed his father in death only three years later in April of 1700. His wife, the â€Å"Widow of a poet,† died shortly after his death in the summer of 1714 at the age of 78 (Bredvold 314). Dryden certainly attained his goal of popularity especially after his death. He became this Cunningham 3 through his â€Å"achievements in verse translations, the first English author to depend for a livelihood directly on the reading public and opening the future of profitable careers for great novelists during the next two centuries† (Frost 17). The Restoration period was a time of great literature and outstanding writers, but, with all the talent in this century, there were also many problems. The Restoration was an angry time in literary history. Writers threw harsh blows at one another, not with fists but with paper and ink. It was an age of plots, oaths, vows and tests: they were woven into the â€Å"fabric of everyday life, and hardly a person in England escaped being touched by them† (Hammond 131). During this time he wrote about what was going on in life activities quite often in his work. At this time there was a major controversy over the conversion from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism. Dryden’s church was in a strange and uncomfortable position. Since the time of the Restoration it had been an underground organization because it was regarded as the enemy of the English monarchy. Some of the members have been accused, and others falsely accused, of setting plots against the crown (Hopkins 85). In 1663, Dryden, â€Å"under the cloud of some personal disgrace,† married Sir Robert Howard’s sister, Lady Elizabeth. The marriage provided no financial advantages or much compatibility for the couple, but Dryden did gain some social status because of her nobility. Because of his social success, Dryden was made a member of the Royal Society that same year. Since he was a non-participating member and did not pay his dues, his membership was later revoked. In 1664, he wrote a poem honoring his brother-in-law, Sir Robert Howard, with whom Dryden remained involved personally and professionally for some time. In 1668, he was Cunningham 4 named Poet Laureate and was offered a share in the Theater Royal’s profits in exchange for his plays. This is where he earned a large portion of his income, and ensured his financial stability for the next several years. However, in 1689 when William and Mary took the throne they replaced John Dryden, a Catholic; and made Thomas Shadwell, a Protestant, the new Poet Laureate (Verrall 6). You read "John Dryden: England’s Controversial and Exceptional Genius" in category "Essay examples" John Dryden was a poet for about forty years. He was formally known as a â€Å"public poet† because a great amount of his poetry dealt with public issues (Harth 3). The explanation for Dryden’s late development as a poet was due to the simple fact that he had nothing to say. In Dryden’s poems, the descriptions he gave avoided unique, concrete details; he preferred general terms. When he described men and women, he gave his attention to moral qualities, not physical appearance. He usually glorified the lower social class and put the upper social class in a shadow (Sherwood 7). Many of Dryden’s poems were congested with printing errors and misspelled words, although, the reasons for this were not totally his fault. There was not a great printing process during this time and many careless mistakes in printing were caused by neglectful workers (Sargeant 10). John Dryden is a poet who left a firm impression of his character in this world; he is known as a public figure, respected literary critic, popular dramatist, and strong supporter of religion and politics (Salvaggio 13). Dryden’s poetry has been divided into two time periods of his career. The first was during the Restoration period and ended in 1667. He did not write another poem for fourteen years; during this time he was writing plays and critiques. The second period began during the later part of his life and ended in 1681 (Harth 3). Some of Dryden’s more popular poems â€Å"The Cock and the Fox,† â€Å"All For Love,† â€Å"Antony and Cleopatra,† â€Å"Absalom and Achitophal,† and his most famous â€Å"Mac Cunningham 5 Flecknoe. † In the poem â€Å"All For Love,† it portrays the love story between Cleopatra, the breath-taking, beautiful, Queen of the Nile and her lover Antony. He also knew that when writing this poem it would be nothing new to the poetic world (Dryden 14). â€Å"All For Love† is a pale, beautiful play. The theme â€Å"All For Love† was meant to be that â€Å"punishment inexorably follows vice and illicit love. Actually, the motivation of the play is a conflict between reason and passion, and it is this conflict that makes â€Å"All For Love† truly representative of the Restoration Period and the battle of ideas that settled beneath† (Dryden 25). The greatest of his poems was â€Å"Absalom and Achitophel. † He wrote this while he was Poet Laureate, the national poet of a country (Hopkins 5). In this poem he described a political predicament that is described by characters from the Bible. He uses a vast amount of symbolism in the story. â€Å"Absalom and Architophel† represents his lifelong affinity for seeing the present in terms of the past (Miner 15). One of his most famous poems is â€Å"Mac Flecknoe. † He destroys Thomas Shadwell by taking very crude and harsh blows on the man. However, Dryden refers to Shadwell’s appearance to only imply that he is fat: â€Å"A Ton of Man in thy Large bulk is writ, but sure tho’rt but a kildrekin of wit† (Sherwood 7). There is nobody of English criticism that is more alive, that brings readers more directly into contact with literature, than John Dryden. One can never predict what will arise with Dryden’s criticism, but it will be far more promising than any other (Mc Henry 25). John Dryden is known as â€Å"the father of English Criticism† (Osborn 136). But, other studies and opinions show that his critical writings are known to quite often derivative, self-contradictory, rambling, inexact, at times over-specialized, and at others too sweeping (Hopkins 137). Cunningham 6 Dryden’s earliest critical essay was written in 1664, about his first verse play, The Rival Ladies. From this date until his death in 1700, Dryden scarcely passed a year without writing a preface, an essay, a discourse, a literary biography or some piece of criticism (Osborn 179). His criticism has not been viewed in the correct ways in some cases. It has often been praised for its minor virtues, and too little admired for its major ones. â€Å"His criticism is great in contrast as well as in style† (Hammond 179). John Dryden’s critical qualities are handsome ones, preferable to most. He has confidence in his basic assumptions and more gracefully within his tradition. Another great strength of his, is that he plays example against theory and theory against example; Dryden also possesses many more admiring qualities (Hammond 5). As a well-respected critic as he is Dryden has a habit of telling what he is thinking at the time of composition. His prefaces and prologues have the quality of studio talk in which the artist speaks of what he has tried to do and how he has done better, or worse, than others. He gives his views at the time, he may have different views at other times that are more educated, but he gives the views which engage him at the moment (McHenry 39). Criticism of Dryden in the half-century following his death is sparse, and contributions from the major men of letters are disappointingly casual and undeveloped. However, most likely the best criticism of Dryden during the period after his demise comes from â€Å"Dennis, Congerer, and Garth. † There is passion as well as admiration in Dennis’s remarks for Dryden’s poetry (Bredvold 14). He is a critic more than a theorist, meaning he judges poetry thoughtfully by talking incomparably well about the poetry. However, he also likes to think and to speak of his thinking to explore and mediate literary principles. John Dryden wrote with ease and at times carelessly, but he knew where he stood (Hammond 1). Cunningham 7 His poetry was often seen as a pure, rich, metrical energy, and formally proper to the genre. â€Å"It is throughout its whole range, alive with a special kind of feeling† (Osborn 181). John Dryden was engaged in literary controversy his entire literary career and life. He feuded with famous writers such as Sir Robert Howard, Thomas Shadwell, Andrew Marvell, Thomas Rymar, and many others. Shadwell was the most unfortunate foe of them all. If he had never quarreled with Dryden he would not have been known today as one of the four great comic playwrights of the Restoration period (Dryden 1). Shadwell’s and Dryden’s literary quarrel developed by the means of critical comments in prologues, epilogues, prefaces, and dedications written between 1668 and 1678. Dryden’s â€Å"Mac Flecknoe† was a major issue in the dispute between Dryden and Shadwell (Dryden 4). In â€Å"Mac Flecknoe,† Shadwell’s memory is kept alive, but has also been branded forever as horrible writer and a disgrace to the history of English writers. â€Å"Mac Flecknoe† is Dryden’s most delightful poem. It reveals Dryden’s great writing talents as poet and satirist. As he accuses Shadwell of â€Å"borrowing† from other authors. He also indicted Shadwell of â€Å"consistently stealing,† but the charges were also greatly exaggerated. However, Dryden admitted that he was guilty of â€Å"borrowing† from other authors, but he also mentioned that Charles II said that he wished those incriminated for stealing would steal plays like Dryden’s (Dryden 18). At some point Shadwell had got on good terms with Dryden, good enough at least for Dryden to provide the prologue to one of Shadwell’s plays. It might have been the prologue the others, but still it served as a prologue to one of Shadwell’s. They had to have developed some sort of friendship or came to know each other. Then something happened and the time for reconciliation had passed. In the same year in which he wrote that prologue for Shadwell he also wrote â€Å"Mac Flecknoe† to put an Cunningham 8 end to the feuding, and Shadwell became the â€Å"unforgiven butt of his ridicule† (McHenry 47). Dryden was an exceptional author that just did not make as big as others. His literary reputation suffers greatly from the simple fact that not many know of him. He is the man who wrote â€Å"Absalom and Architophel,† â€Å"Mac Flecknoe,† and who precedes Pope. He wrote not only great satirical, but great love poems, great political poems, and great religious poems. Beyond those poems he wrote many great passages of poetry. He wrote an astounding amount of good poetry, probably more than any other poet in the language except Shakespeare and Milton (Hammond 67). The English author John Dryden called himself Neander, the â€Å"new man,† in his Essay of Dramatic Poesy, and implied that he was a spokesman for the concerns of his generation and the embodiment of it’s tastes. He achieved a prominence that supported his claim. Dryden excelled in comedy, heroic tragedy, verse satire, translation, and literary criticism; genres that his contemporaries and later readers have defined as representative of the Restoration period. John Dryden’s lasting legacy will be defined by his unequaled, excellent criticisms of literature and his outstanding poetry. He developed the model for modern English prose style and set the tone for 18th century English poetry. His memorable works helped influence much of the writings that come from England to this day. Translations are another major reason why people will remember Dryden. He took authors from previous eras works and interpreted them into something superior and moved them to a greatness previously believed unattainable. His considerable accomplishments assured Dryden’s place in literary history and, through their influence on such writers as Alexander Pope, determined the course of literary history for the next generation. How to cite John Dryden: England’s Controversial and Exceptional Genius, Essay examples

International Private Capital Developing -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Private Capital Flows And Developing Countries? Answer: Introduction This is a business report which has been prepared to assist the purchasing manager Barrett Mann to come up with an economical purchase decision for the benefit of the firm. In the document a quantitative and qualitative analysis will be conducted on the two companies Jardensteel and Parker regarding their option to supply Atmel with steel. Furthermore, will review the ethical codes and indicate their effects in making a business choice. Analysing costs associated with direct purchase from Jardensteel To evaluate if purchasing the required slit steel directly from Jardensteel is the better option we need to evaluate all the costs associated with the purchase. As per the past information that Atmel Ltd have all the two companies are from the locality and have in previous occasions worked with the firm. In their previous engagement the companies have proven to be reliable vendors who can be relied upon for delivery of quality products. The time taken to deliver the required slits from Jardensteel to Atmel is 15 days from the day a purchase order is put in place. On the other hand, it takes 5 days to deliver the 49-cm width steel to Parker from Jardensteel, Parker on the other hand takes 10 days to deliver the required slits to Atmel which in total makes the delivery time to be 15 days from the time a purchase order is placed at Jardensteel. This indicates that the delivery time is similar in both options and should not be a variable of concern when making the purchase decision. Costs associated with purchasing the required steel from Jardensteeel As per the invoice Cost of 5cm width steel Cost of 9cm width steel The total cost of steel is Freight and handling cost The total cost of purchasing the products directly from Jardensteeel will then be Material cost plus transport freight and handling cost To decide whether to purchase the required width directly from Jardensteel there is need also to analyse the costs of the alternative to making an economic decision quantitatively. The aim of the firm is to maximise the revenues and reduce costs. When the product quality is similar then the firm will opt for the option that minimises the total costs associated with the purchasing process. Analysing the costs associated with purchasing the output at Parker Pty The costs associated with purchasing the output from Parker Input cost Required tonnes Scrap allowance Total cost of input Freight and handling charge Total freight and handling cost Output cost 5cm width steel 9cm width Total output cost The total cost which is associated with purchasing the required slits from Parker Pty limited will be; Input cost plus freight charges plus output cost this will be; From the above evaluation of costs purchasing of the required slits directly from Jardensteel will cost the company $32490 while purchasing the output at Parker will cost the company $32106.83. This is $388.17 cheaper and should be pursued by the company. In conclusion it is not economical to purchase the required steel slits from Jardensteel instead the option provided by Parker should be selected. Taking advantage of the discount offered by Parker Costs associated with the discount Input cost Scrap cost Total $38295 Freight and handling cost Jardensteel to Parker Parker to Atmel Total $2542 Output cost 5cm width 9cm width Total will be $2800 Storage cost 5cm width Amount stored is tonnes 9cm width Amount stored tonne The total cost associated with the discount will thus be By taking advantage of the discount offered by Parker Atmel will be purchasing the product at the cost of $219.01 per tone on the other hand purchasing the intended quantities without regard to the discount offered Atmel will be purchasing the material at the cost of $221.43 per tonne. Comparing these values, we observe that taking advantage of the discount provided by Parker will be the optimum economic decision. By doing this the company will save $2.42 for every tone purchased. Qualitative Analysis Irrespective of the costs associated with the purchase from the various firms, Atmel may still opt to purchase from Jardensteel rather than Parker is the culture of the organization supports their business objectives. Culture is the environment that a firm has developed for its operations. This entails the values, beliefs, attitudes and assumptions that are tolerated by the firm. The culture of Jardensteel may be intolerant to corruption activities. In addition, the personnel at Jardensteel including the management and employees may be courteous and honest hence prompting Atmel to rather work with them. Moreover, the Jardensteel response to changes may be favourable to Atmel. In placing its order, the firm might miscalculate some aspects and may later make alterations. In addition, the firm may make some modifications to the previously placed orders. If Parker is inflexible and does not tolerate modifications to orders one places, then the firm shall rather work with Jardensteel. Placing an order via Parker is a long process. It must factor in both the situation at Jardensteel as well as Parkers, in these situations making changes will be a long procedure as it must start and be accepted by both the companies. It is therefore advantageous for Atmel to work with Jardensteel directly. The objectives of Jardensteel as an organization may be in line with Atmels targets. Businesses normally engage in several non-profitable organizations for the benefits of the society. If Jardensteel ideas in promoting quality living in the society are in line with Atmel, then the two companies may develop a strong business relationship which might see Atmel choose Jardensteel as a supplier (Sutton, 2006). Barrett Manns ethical obligations As per the integrity code of ethics Barrett Mann should demonstrate personal integrity by doing what is right. In this scenario shifting the company option to fulfil a friends request will be wrong. Barrett should withhold the pressure and stick to the preferred choice of supplier. Objectivity demand that the judgement of the operations manager is professional. From the professional point of view the business has analysed their purchase option and decided that settling for Jardensteel limited will be an optimum choice. The manager is therefore obligated by objectivity to not compromise his decision due to undue influence from a friend who wants to make a profit despite his organizations failure to be market competitive (Grabel, 2003). Barrett on his role as the purchasing manager should ensure he is qualified to offer efficient services to the company clients. One of the ways of showing adherence to professional competence is maintaining his ability to make professional decisions this will be proven by ignoring his friend's request. The phone call by one of Barrett Manns friends in Parker limited indicates a breach of confidentiality. There are employees in Atmel who seemed to have revealed to parker agents that the contact from Atmel may go to Jardensteel. This breach should be investigated, and the source punished for the organization to compel its employees to observe the confidentiality code. Barrett being the man in charge should be tasked rectifying the issue (Lafferty, 2002). Via observation of the ethical codes discussed above the firm will be making a step in promoting professional behaviour. This should be added to adhering to the laws regulating purchasing and suppliers. This will ensure the organization upholds the reputation of the reputation of the industry. Finally, Barrett Mann is demanded by the due care code to ensure his actions do not hurt other businesses or the industry. By allocating the purchasing tender to Parker based on interest from a friend the firm is not giving other organizations an opportunity to compete in a healthy manner. This only promotes inefficiency in Parker limited as they continue to use illegal means to do business and high jack contracts to other firms (CODE OF ETHICS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS, 2005). Conclusion In the making of business decisions it's important to consider all the variables quantitative and qualitative that are of concern to the issue. The document has analysed the costs associated with purchasing the material orders in both the Jardensteel and Parker company. Parker is apparently offering the best deal with a bumper quantity discount but when the qualitative aspects are taken into consideration then Atmel find it more convenient to work with Jardensteel. Issues such as business culture, management objectives and flexibility when it comes to accepting changes have apparently supported the management decision to work with Jardensteel rather than focus on Parkers appealing offers (Davenport Harris, 2007). Furthermore, business representatives are demanded by professionalism to further the firms ideas in the case of Barrett Mann despite having a friend at Parker who intends to shift his decision based on their favour must take a position that is of interest to the firm. The ethical code of conduct of Atmel that entails integrity, objectivity, professional competence, due care, confidentiality and professional behaviour should acts as a guideline to the purchasing manager on the way to make his judgements. It's therefore essential to disregard personal relations with potential clients and take sides that support the firms ideas of doing business (Bartlett, 2013). References Bartlett, R. (2013). A Practitioners Guide To Business Analytics: Using Data Analysis Tools to Improve Your Organizations Decision Making and Strategy. McGraw-Hil. CODE OF ETHICS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANTS. (2005, July). Retrieved from https://www.ifac.org/system/files/publications/files/ifac-code-of-ethics-for.pdf Davenport, T. H., Harris, J. G. (2007). Competing on Analytics: The New Science of Winning. Harvard Business School Press. Grabel, I. (2003). International private capital flows and developing countries in Ha-Joon Chang (ed.). Rethinking Development Economics, 45-325. Lafferty, A. H. (2002). Human Resource Management in Australia. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Sutton, J. P. (2006). Evidence-Based Management. Harvard Business Review.